OALib Journal期刊
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Identification of elements at risk for a credible tsunami event for Istanbul
Physical and social elements at risk are identified for a credible tsunami event for Istanbul. For this purpose, inundation maps resulting from probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis for a 10% probability of exceedance in 50 yr are utilised in combination with the geo-coded inventories of building stock, lifeline systems and demographic data. The built environment on Istanbul's shorelines that is exposed to tsunami inundation comprises residential, commercial, industrial, public (governmental/municipal, schools, hospitals, sports and religious), infrastructure (car parks, garages, fuel stations, electricity transformer buildings) and military buildings, as well as piers and ports, gas tanks and stations and other urban elements (e.g., recreational facilities). Along the Marmara Sea shore, Tuzla shipyards and important port and petrochemical facilities at Ambarl
are expected to be exposed to tsunami hazard. Significant lifeline systems of the city of Istanbul such as natural gas, electricity, telecommunication and sanitary and waste-water transmission, are also under the threat of tsunamis. In terms of social risk, it is estimated that there are about 32 000 inhabitants exposed to tsunami hazard.
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, March–April 2016, Pages 337–395
Cauchy theory for the gravity water waves system with non-localized initial data, , , , , , a D&partement de Math&matiques et Applications, UMR 8553 du CNRS, &Ecole Normale Sup&rieure, 45, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris Cedex, Franceb Laboratoire de Math&matiques d'Orsay, UMR 8628 du CNRS, Universit& Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, FranceIn this article, we develop the local Cauchy theory for the gravity water waves system, for rough initial data which do not decay at infinity. We work in the context of L2L2-based uniformly local Sobolev spaces introduced by Kato . We prove a classical well-posedness result (without loss of derivatives). Our result implies also a local well-posedness result in H&lder spaces (with loss of d/2d/2 derivatives). As an illustration, we solve a question raised by Boussinesq in
on the water waves problem in a canal. We take benefit of an elementary observation to show that the strategy suggested in
does indeed apply to this setting.KeywordsWater-waves; Cauchy problem; Uniformly local Sobolev spaces; Paradifferential calculus
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Applications of nonequilibrium Kubo formula to the detection of quantum noise
The Kubo fluctuation-dissipation theorem relates the current fluctuations of a system in an equilibrium state with the linear AC-conductance. This theorem holds also out of equilibrium provided that the system is in a stationary state and that the linear conductance is replaced by the (dynamic) conductance with respect to the non equilibrium state. We provide a simple proof for that statement and then apply it in two cases. We first show that in an excess noise measurement at zero temperature, in which the impedance matching is maintained while driving a mesoscopic sample out of equilibrium, it is the nonsymmetrized noise power spectrum which is measured, even if the bare measurement, i.e. without extracting the excess part of the noise, obtains the symmetrized noise. As a second application we derive a commutation relation for the two components of fermionic or bosonic currents which holds in every stationary state and which is a generalization of the one valid only for bosonic currents. As is usually the case, such a commutation relation can be used e.g. to derive Heisenberg uncertainty relationships among these current components.
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