非谓语动词ppt词

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2014年高考英语试题分类汇编:非谓语动词
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非谓语动词&
A.promote&&B.promoted
C.promoting&&D.
24.A9occurs&when&doing&experiments&in&the&lab.
A.Observe&&B.To&observe
C.Observed&&D.Observing
A.watch&&B.to&watch
C.watched&&D.watching
28.A9&before&we&are&ready&for&a&long&stay&on&the&moon.
A.solving&&B.solved
C.being&solved&&D.to&be&solved
28.D动词。根据题干信息,非谓语动词在这里作定语,限定&要去解决的问题&。根据非谓语动词作定语的规则:现在分词表示主动和正在发生;过去分词表示被动和完成;不定式表示将要发生。所以选
A.recognizing&&B.being&recognized
C.having&recognized&&D.having&been&recognized
A.&carry&&&B.&carrying&
C.&carried&&&&D.&to&be&carrying&&&&&&
23.B客。此处
C.Having&spent&&&&&D.To&spend[来源:Z#]
27.Cv&ing
C.to&connect&&&&&D.to&be&connected
30.A作表示状态的形容词,用作表语;
A.&to&be&accompanied
B.&to&accompany
C.&accompanying
D.&accompanied
A.&Understanding
B.&To&be&understood
C.&Being&understood
D.&Having&understood
23.&A你的喜爱和情感一样重要。此处用非谓语动词作主语,且动词后有自己的宾语,因此用主动形式。故选
A.&to&stare&&B.&staring新课&标第&一&网
C.&stared&&D.&having&stared
27.&&B语(说话人)构成主动关系。
A.&Having&freed&&&B.&F
C.&To&free&&D.&Freeing
C.to&be&given&&.
A.&speak&&&B.&speaking
C.&being&spoken&&&&D.&be&spoken&
A.&Having&spent&&&&B.&&To&spent&&
C.&Spent&&&&&&D.&To&have&spent
31.A故应该用现在分词的完成式。
A.&to&act&&&B.&&to&have
C.&&&acting&&&D.&having&acted
C.said&&&&&&D.having&said&
C.to&employ&&&&&D.employs&
A.&to&go&&B.&going&
C.&go&&&&新&课&&标&&第&&一&网
12.Bv.&ing
A.&Working&out&&&B.&Worked&out&&&&&&&&&&
C.&To&work&out&&D.&Work&out
C.developed&&D.develop
&Good&idea.&
A.&To&find&out&&B.&Finding&out
C.&To&be&finding&out&&&D.&Having&found&out
7.A&&&&&&
A.&to&find&&&B.&found&
C.&finding&&&D.
5.&A&&&&&it&didn't&fit.&
A.&writing&&&B.&to&write&
C.&written&&D.&being&written
7.&C,句子的主语
14.A9&to&guard&her.
C.appointed&&D.having&appointed
A.&returning&&B.&returned
C.&to&return&&D.&to&be&returned
A.&helping&&B.&having&helped
C.&helped&&D.&to&help
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高考英语语法精讲--非谓语动词专题复习
【考点一】不定式作状语不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句,不定式作状语时往往用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。1.不定式用来作目的状语:作目的状语时,不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语,这里往往译作“为了,想要”。To be a winner,you need to give all you have and try your best.要想成为赢家,你要付出所有并竭尽全力。2.不定式用于so...as to ...,such...as to;enough to;too...to;only to等结构中作结果状语。Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle?你能不能行行好,借给我你的自行车?He is such a fool as to think that his strange behaviour can inflect others.他如此愚蠢以至于认为他奇怪的行为会影响他人。He hurried to the booking office only to have been told all the tickets had been sold out.他匆忙去了售票处,结果被告诉所有的票已经卖完了。专家提醒:“only+to do”表示出乎意料的结果,tell 和主语He 之间存在动宾关系,因而应用不定式的被动结构。而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。His parents died,leaving him an orphan.他的父母去世了,使他成为孤儿。【经典考题】1. There were many talented actors out there just waiting________.A.to discover&&&&&&&&&& B.to be discoveredC.discovered&&&&&&&&&& D.being discovered解析: 句意为:很多有天赋的演员就在那里等待被发现。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。此题空格处用不定式来表示目的,而且actors与discover之间为被动关系,所以B项为答案。答案: B2. ―Why are the students working so hard these days.―________ready for the coming entrance examination.A.To get&&&&&&&&&&&& B.GetC.Getting&&&&&&&&&&& D.Got解析: 考查非谓语动词。根据答语“为了即将来临的入学考试准备”可知,此句是省略句,不定式作状语,表示目的。答案: A3. With Father’s Day around the corner,I have taken some money out of the bank________presents for my dad.A.buy&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.to buyC.buying&&&&&&&&&&&& D.to have bought解析: 句意为:父亲节就要到了,我已经从银行取了些钱出来准备给爸爸买些礼物。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。从语境看,本空在句中作目的状语,用不定式,因此A的动词原形、C的现在分词、D的不定式完成式都不符合题意。答案: B【考点二】过去分词作状语1.过去分词作状语和现在分词作状语一样,修饰主句的谓语动词,意义上相当于状语从句,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随状况等。Given the right kind of training,these teenager soccer players may one day grow into international stars.如果得到正确的训练,这些少年足球选手有朝一日可能成为国际明星。Reminded not to miss the flight at 15∶20,the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.提醒不要错过15∶20的航班 ,他匆忙出发过了机场。2.某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,且往往用于一些系表结构中。此时这些过去分词既不表示被动,也不表示完成,而表示一种状态,这样的词有:lost(迷路的),seated(坐),hidden(躲),lost/absorbed in(沉溺于),dressed in(穿着),tired of(感到厌倦)等,不管它们作什么成分都不用其?ing形式。Lost in the mountains for a week,we were finally saved by the local police.在大山里迷失一个星期,我们最终被当地警察所救。Absorbed in his book,he didn’t notice me enter the room.专心读书,他没注意到我进入房间。【经典考题】1. ________from the top of the tower,the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.A.Seen&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.SeeingC.Having seen&&&&&&&& D.To see解析: 句意为:从塔顶往下看,南边的山脚下是一片树的海洋。本题考查分词作状语。分词作状语,其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。主语the south foot of the mountain 与see 在逻辑上为被动关系,四个选项中只有A项表被动。答案: A2. ________by a greater demand for green products,the food company has set higher standards to ensure the quality.A.Driven&&&&&&&&&&&& B.Being drivenC.To drive&&&&&&&&&&& D.Having driven解析: 考查非谓语动词。绿色食品的巨大需求使食品公司制订了更高的标准以保证质量。动词drive与其逻辑主语the food com pany 存在动宾关系,因此应该使用过去分词。答案: A3. Michael’s new house is like a huge palace,________with his old one.A.comparing&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.comparesC.to compare&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.compared解析: 句意为:和旧房子相比,Michael的新房子就像一座巨大的宫殿。compare与逻辑主语Michael’s new house之间构成被动关系。答案: D【考点三】过去分词作状语1.动词的?ing 短语作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作,它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。动词的?ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。Being ill,he couldn’t go to school.因为生病,他不能去上学。(原因)My car was caught in a traffic jam,thus causing the delay.我的车被交通拥挤堵住,所以延误了。(结果)As the light turned green,I stood for a moment,not moving,and asked myself what I was going to do.(伴随)当交通路灯变绿灯时,我站了一会儿,一动不动,自问要做什么事。2.现在分词有:一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式,每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not 构成。一般式(doing)表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作;被动式(being done)表示正在进行的被动的动作;完成式(having done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作;完成被动式(having being done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。Not having received a reply,he decided to write again.没有得到答复,他决定再写信去。The old man,having worked abroad for twenty years,came back to his motherland.(work 与句子的主语The old man之间存在主谓关系,而且work这一动作发生在谓语动作之前)在国外工作了二十年,这位老人回到了祖国。Having been scolded many times,he determined to study hard to catch up with others.多次被批评之后,他决定努力学习赶上他人。3.有一些固定结构,如:generally speaking,taking everything into consideration,judging from/by等,无论主语是什么都用这种形式作状语。Taking everything into consideration,the result is better than expected.把一切因素考虑进去,结果比预料的要好。Judging from what he said,he must be an honest man.从他说的话来判断,他一定是一位诚实的人。4.现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别:如果是意义上的主谓关系,一般用动词?ing形式;如果是意义上的动宾关系,则一般用过去分词。Seen from the top of the hill,the park looks even more beautiful.从山顶上看,这个公园显得更加美丽。(see 与主语the park之间存在动宾关系)Seeing from the top of the hill,we find the park even more beautiful.从山顶上看,我们发现这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语we之间存在主谓关系)【经典考题】1. Dina,________for months t o find a job as a waitress,finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A.struggling&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.struggledC.having struggled&&&&&&&&&& D.to struggle解析: 句意为:几个月以来,Dina 一直努力想找一份女服务员的工作,最终她在当地一家广告代理处谋到了一个职位。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处与句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系,故排除B项;不定式作状语一般表示目的,故排除D项;C项相当于:Dina had_struggled_for_months to find a job as a waitress.而A项相当于:Dina was_struggling_for_months to find a job as a waitress.根据句意可知,C项更符合要求,故为答案。答案: C2. ________at my classmates’ faces,I read the same excitement in their eyes.A.Looking&&&&&&&& B.LookC.To look&&&&&&&&& D.Looked解析: 句意为:看着同学们的面孔,我从他们的眼中读出了同样的兴奋。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。look 是谓语动词形式,故排除;to look 通常表目的,在此不符合题意;look 与I构成逻辑上的主动关系,D项被排除。答案: A3. ________a written permission,he had to write another letter to the president of the university.A.Not giving&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.Not having been givenC.Having not given&&&&&&&&&&& D.Having not been given解析: 考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语是句子的主语,非谓语动词与逻辑主语是被动关系,且其动作在谓语动词动作之前已经发生,故用过去分词或现在分词的完成被动式,选B。答案: B【考点四】非谓语动词作定语1.现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,表示该动作的主动和进行。There are two roads before us,one leading to the beach,the other to the park.在我们面前有两条路,一条通向沙滩,另一条通向公园。2.过去分词(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系,表示该动作的被动或完成。For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown on his own farm.早饭他只喝自己农场种植的新鲜水果榨出来的果汁。3.动词不定式作定语多表示将来动作。We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.我们被邀请参加下周五在我们俱乐部举行的聚会。【经典考题】1. I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours,for there are still some problems________.A.remaining to settle&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.remaining to be settledC.remained to talk about&&&&&&&&&&& D.to remain to discuss解析: 考查非谓语动词。此处是分词短语作后置定语,remain与problems 之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词形式;问题是亟待被解决,故应用to be settled。综上所述可知答案为B。答案: B2. Many buildings in the city need repairing,but the one________first is the library.A.repaired&&&&&&&&&&& B.being repairedC.repairing&&&&&&&&&&& D.to be repaired解析: 句意为:本市有许多建筑需要维修,但首先该维修的是图书馆。考查非谓语动词作定语。the one(building)与repair之间为被动关系,故排除C项;A项表已经完成;B项表正在进行;D项表将来。根据题意,正确答案为D项。答案: D3. I’m calling to enquire about the position________in yesterday’s China Daily.A.advertised&&&&&&&&&&& B.to be advertisedC.advertising&&&&&&&&&&& D.having advertised解析: 句意为:我打电话来是想询问一下有关昨天在《中国日报》上刊登的招聘职位的情况。本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。空格处部分作position 的定语,与position 在逻辑上是被动关系,根据句意“职位已在昨天的报纸上被刊登”,表示被动及完成,故A项符合题意。答案: A【考点五】非谓语动词作宾补1.过去分词作宾语补足语:过去分词作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。I’ll have my house painted tomorrow.明天我会让人把我的房子粉刷一下。(被动)When I opened the door,I found the ground covered by fallen leaves.当我打开门时,我发现地面被落叶所覆盖。2.现在分词作宾语补足语:现在分词作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。现在分词作宾语补足语强调正在进行的主动动作,即动作过程的一个部分。可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see,watch,hear,obser ve,feel,find,have,keep等。They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.他们使用电脑使交通畅通无阻。【经典考题】1. Listen!Do you hear someone________for help?A.calling&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.callC.to call&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.called解析: 句意为:听!你听到有人正在求救吗?本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。设空处与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故排除D项;不定式作感官动词或使役动词的宾补要省去to且不表示动作正在进行,故排除C项;因为表示动作正在进行,故排除B项;现在分词calling 表主动且表正在进行,故为答案。答案: A2. Alexander t ried to get his work________in the medical circles.A.to recognize&&&&&&&&& B.recognizingC.recognize&&&&&&&&&&& D.recognized解析: 句意为:Alexander 试图使自己的工作在医学界得到认可。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。get sth.done 表示使某事物被做,如get my hair cut 表示理发;get her finger burnt 表示她的手指被烧伤。答案: D3.(2011?哈尔滨检测)It’s wonderful to hike with Dad and I have felt________with him.A.to protected&&&&&&&&& B.protectedC.protecting&&&&&&&&&&& D.to be protected解析: 本题考查非谓语动词。根据语境知felt 与protect 之间是被动关系,排除选项A和C;和父亲一起的徒步旅行已经结束,排除选项D。答案: B【 考点六】have, get后接三种形式作宾补have,get 后接三种形式作宾补时,其中have,get表示“使、让、叫”之意。1.have sth.done=get sth.done 使/让某事由别人去做(叫/让某人做某事)I’ll have/get my bike repaired tomorrow.我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。Mr Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday.史密斯先生在度假期间,他家的房子被别人破门而入。注意: have sb.doing 若用于否定句中,其中have 有“容忍”之意。I won’t have you speaking to your dad like that. 我不允许你和你父亲那样讲话。【经典考题】1. ―Hurry up,Mary! It’s time to go.―I’m getting________.Have a little patience.A.dress&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.dressingC.to dress&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.dressed解析: 考查非谓语动词。get dressed是一个固定的词组,表示“穿衣服”。语意:――Mary,快点,我们该走了。――稍等下,我正在穿衣服呢。答案: D2.(2010?山东卷)I have a lot of readings________before the end of this term.A.completing&&&&&&&&&& B.to completeC.completed&&&&&&&&&&& D.being completed解析: 句意为:本学期结束前我有许多阅读要完成。考查非谓语动词作定语。have sth.to do有某事要做,to do的逻辑主语需和主句主语一致;当不定式的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时,可用have sth.to be done结构。答案: B3.(2009?重庆卷)With the world changing fast,we have something new ________ with all by ourselves every day.A.deal&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.dealtC.to deal&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.dealing解析: 本题考查不定式作定语。句意为:随着世界的快速变化,我们每天都有新的问题要独自处理。have something to deal,动词deal 逻辑上的主语是we,也就是句子的主语。答案: C4.(2010?东城练习二)Every year,Tom remembers to have some flowers________to her mother on her birthday.A.send&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.sentC.sending&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.being sent解析: 本题考查非谓语动词。have something done表示某事被做。答案: B
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