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人教版高二英语选修8unit1课文逐句翻译
选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity-Reading
CALIFORNIA
多样性的土地
California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.
加州是美国第三大洲,但是人口最多。它也有不同的是最多元文化国家在美国,有吸引了来自世界各地的人们。的习俗和语言的移民活在新居。这个文化多样性并不令人惊讶当你知道他的历史加州。
NATIVE AMERCANS
Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. In addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.
本土美国人
什么时候到的第一批人我们现在知道的加利福尼亚,没有人真的知道。然而,很可能在加利福尼亚居住美国印地安人是至少一万五千年前。科学家们认为这些定居者穿过白令海峡在北极到美国的一种方法中存在的陆地桥在史前时期。在16世纪,欧洲人到来之后,当地人中蒙受了重大损失。数千人的死亡或被迫成为奴隶。另外,许多人死于这种疾病所带来的欧洲人。然而,从一些这些可怕的时代,今天还有更多的美国人住在加州比任何其他国家。
THE SPANISH
In the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took their land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is why today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
在18世纪,加州被西班牙。名西班牙士兵初到南美洲,在16世纪早期当他们攻打当地人,把他们的土地。两个世纪以后,西班牙人定居在大部分南美和沿西北海岸的我们现在所称的美国。第一个西班牙去加州,大多数都是虔诚的教徒。他们的部门是要教导天主教给当地人。1821年,墨西哥取得了他们的从西班牙独立。加州的一部分则成了墨西哥。1846年美国宣战墨西哥和战争结束后获美国、墨西哥不得不给加州到美国。然而,仍有强烈的西班牙影响国家。这就是为什么今天超过40的加州人说西班牙语作为第一或第二语言。
In the early 1800s, Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California. Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco.
在19世纪初,俄罗斯的猎人,这些原本,开始去阿拉斯加定居在加州。在那里的今天是大约2.5万美籍俄裔住在旧金山市区和郊区。
GOLD MINERS
In 1848, not long after the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed. In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.
黄金生产商
日,美墨战争后不久,有人在加州发现了黄金。快速致富的梦想吸引了来自世界各地的人们。最近的,因此第一个到达,是来自美国人民和来自美国。然后从欧洲和亚洲的冒险者随之而来。事实上,一些达到了他们的梦想成为富足。一些死亡或回到家,但是大多数住在加利福尼亚使自己的生活不顾大的困难。他们就住在新城镇或在农场工作。在加州成为31日当选美国的联邦州在1850年,已经是一个多元文化的社会。
LATER A RRIVALS
Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of
the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the &Chinatowns& of Los Angeles and San Francisco.
Other immigrants such as Italians, mainly fishermen but also wine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California. The industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people. Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States.
Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there. People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico. However, even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the ship and aircraft industries.
RRIVALS后,
尽管中国移民开始到在淘金热期间,他们的建筑&&（文件丢失）
从西方的铁路网络到东海岸带来了更大的编号到加州十九世纪六十年代。今天,美藉华人住在加州的所有部分,尽管大部分选择呆在&唐人街&的洛杉矶和旧金山。
意大利人等其他移民,主要渔民还酿酒师,到达了加州在十九世纪。在1911年移民建立了镇来自丹麦的自己,今天仍然继续他们的丹麦文化。到了二十世纪二十年代电影产业被确立在美国加利福尼亚州的好莱坞。因此本行业的繁荣&&吸引了欧洲人包括许多犹太民族主义者。加州第二大今天犹太人口在美国。
日本的农民就已来到加利福尼亚在20世纪初,自20世纪80年代以来很多都在此定居。人们从非洲一直住在加州自19世纪以来(北移动时,来自墨西哥。然而更到1942年到1945年之间在船上工作和航空工业。
MOST RECENT ARRIVALS
In more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians. Since its beginning in the 1970s, the computer industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California.
最近的人数
在最近几十年,加州有成为家里更多的人来自亚洲,包括韩国人、柬埔寨人、越南和老挝人和。从它开始在20世纪70年代,计算机工业吸引了印度人和巴勒斯坦人到加州来。
THE FUTURE
People from different parts of the world, attracted by the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
来自世界不同区域的人们在气候和吸引的生活方式,还移民到加州来。人们相信,在长混合民族会相当大,将有不具有明显的主要的民族和文化团体,只是不同种族和文化的混合物
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GEORGE&S DIARY 12TH&14TH JUNE
乔治的日记
Monday 12th, June
6月12日,星期一
& & & &Arrived early this morning by bus. Went straight to hotel to drop my luggage, shower and shave. Then went exploring. First thing was a ride on a cable car. From top of the hill got a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city. Built in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie, who wanted to find a better form of transport than horse-drawn trams. Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed, the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.
今天早晨到达乘公共汽车去。径直走到酒店掉我的行李,淋浴和刮胡子。然后去探索。首先是一个骑一匹电缆车。从山顶上,得到了一个引人入胜的景观的旧金山海湾和这个城市。建立1873年,缆车系统由安德鲁赶紧发明,他想找一份更好的形式的交通比坐在弯折。显然,他很震惊,这时他看见了一起可怕的事故中,电车的刹车、导体不能控制的情况和电车滑下山坡马拖着。
& & & &Had a late lunch at Fisherman's What. This is the district where Italian fishermen first came to San Francisco in the late 19th century and began the fishing industry. Now it's a tourist area with lots of shops, sea food restaurants and bakeries. It's also the place to catch the ferry to Angel Island and other places in the Bay.
有一晚中午在渔夫是什么。这是该地区在意大利渔民第一次来到旧金山在19世纪末,开始渔业的发展。现在是一个旅游地区很多商店,海鲜餐馆和面包店。这也是地方赶上渡轮天使岛和其他地方湾的。
& & & &Did so much exploring at Fisherman's What. Am exhausted and don't feel like doing anything else. Early bed tonight!
在探索做了那么多的渔人什么。太累了,也别想做的任何东西。早期今晚床!
&Tuesday 13th, June
6月13日,星期二
& & & &Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. Spent all day driving around the city. There's a fascinating drive marked out for tourists. It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go. It's a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. Stopped many times to admire the view of the city from different angles and take photographs. Now have a really good idea of what the city's like.
和一对从我的酒店(彼得和特里)和租了一辆汽车。一整天都在推动全国各地的城市。有一个吸引人的驱动显示出在游客。它有蓝色和白色海鸥的标志,但在他们出示路要走。这是一个79km往返,将所有著名的旅游景点。停止许多次,欣赏眼前的景色的城市从不同的角度和拍照。现在有一个很好的主意的那个城市是什么样子。
& & & & In evening, went to Chinatown with Peter and Terri. Chinese immigrants settled in this area in the 1850s. The fronts of the buildings are decorated to look like old buildings in southern China. Saw some interesting temples here, a number of markets and a great many restaurants. Also art galleries and a museum containing documents, photographs and all sorts of objects about the history of Chinese immigration, but it is closed in the evening. Will go back during the day. Had a delicious meal and then walked down the hill to our hotel.
傍晚,去唐人街彼得和特里。中国移民定居在这个地区18世纪50年代。穿越战线装饰的建筑物都看起来像旧建筑在中国南部。看到一些有趣的庙宇在这里,大量的市场和许多餐馆。也美术馆和博物馆包含文本、图片和各种各样的物体的中国移民的历史,但它是关闭的晚上。要回去在白天。了美味的一餐然后步行下山来我们酒店。
Wednesday 14th, June
6月14日,星期三
& & & &In morning, took ferry to Angel Island from the port in San Francisco Bay. On the way had a good view of the Golden Gate Bridge. From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA. The cells in the station were very small, some did not even have light but the immigrants had nowhere else to go. Their miserable stay seemed to be punishment rather than justice and freedom to them. They wrote poems on the walls about their loneliness and mourned their former life in China. In 1940 the civil authorities reformed the system so that many more Chinese people were able to grasp the opportunity of settling in the USA. Made me very thoughtful and thankful for my life today.
在上午,作为渡轮天使岛的港口在旧金山海湾。在有一个好的视野的金门桥。从1882年到1940年天使岛是一位著名的移民站在哪里许多中国个人申请生存权利在美国。这些细胞在车站很小,寒冷和潮湿,有些甚至没有光,但移民没有别的地方可去。他们的悲惨的保持似乎而不是正义和自由的惩罚。他们在墙上写诗对他们的孤独和悼念他们的前任在中国的生活。1940年中国政府改革的各项制度,使更多的中国人,人们能把握机遇解决在美国。让我非常体贴和感谢我的人生。
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