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山东省新人教版英语2012届高三单元测试21必修5Unit1Greatscientists
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山东省新人教版英语2012届高三单元测试21必修5Unit1Gr
官方公共微信Gunnerblog
Over to you, Arsene
Gunnerblog
Over to you, Arsene
Ivan Gazidis takes a lot of stick from Arsenal fans. Our perceived lack of ambition is generally pinned on the multi-accented CEO, who is free of the emotional complications most reasonable fans still feel with regards to Arsene Wenger.
The refrain was heard frequently at the Emirates last year: “Ivan Gazidis, what do you do?”
In the light of , I’d like to pose a response: what more can he do?
Gazidis’ primary duty has been to put the club on a secure financial footing. With the new commercial deals signed and settled, he has done that. It is not Gazidis’ responsibility to decide how that money is spent. It is Arsene’s.
Gazidis has been explicit. There are funds available. Big funds. Here are a few choice excerpts from Thursday’s mission statement:
“Could we spend ?25m on a player and pay him ?200k p/week? Of course we could do that. We could do more than that. We have a certain amount which we’ve held in reserve. We also have new revenue streams coming on board and all of these things mean we can do some things which would excite you.
The key to this summer is going to be making the right decisions without damaging the great team unity and spirit which we have – adding to that appropriately and I think we have the right person to do that in Arsene. I think he will make the right decisions and I think we will go into this next season with a lot of excitement around the team.
So certainly we will take a step forward this summer, how bigger step will depend on how well we are able to execute over the next month or two.”
It’s bold stuff. As a fan, it’s impossible not to be excited by Gazidis’ words. The financial landscape has shifted, and Arsenal have been raised aloft to join the likes of Bayern Munich and Manchester United.
Dreams become plausible. Before yesterday I would have dismissed the link to ?20m Gonzalo Higuain as ‘pie in the sky’ stuff. Now, it’s tempting to believe we might just pull it off.
If there’s a nagging concern, it’s that Arsene may not be able to shake the shackles of a decade of prudence. Talk remains cheap. Arsenal are using the rhetoric of a super-club. Now they need to act like one, too.
A significant part of yesterday’s news was Gazidis’ allusion to a new contract for Arsene. Personally, I wouldn’t be in such a hurry to hand him a new deal. The final day euphoria has masked an otherwise disappointing season. The club’s trajectory is worrying. I’d have waited to see how Arsene fared this summer and in the first part of next season before broaching the subject a new contract.
Some will argue it’s vital to have a manager tied to a long-term deal to win over new signings. That’s nonsense. Robin van Persie joined Manchester United with no guarantees over Alex Ferguson’s future. Similarly, the players who come and go at Chelsea care little about the short-term tenancy agreements of the Stamford Bridge dugout.
In modern football, few players are a disciple to any one managerial messiah. Money and medals matter far more.
Perhaps Gazidis feels it’s important to present a united front. I can understand that, with a couple of caveats.
The first is that this contract must be breakable. Conventionally, a three year deal for Arsene means exactly that: three years. In his Arsenal career to date, it’s been explicitly clear he’d never be sacked and similarly that Wenger himself would never walk away from a contract.
With that in mind, if our downward trajectory continues, his signature could swiftly become a sentence. If Gazidis and Wenger agree a new medium-term contract, it must be on the understanding that it may have to be suddenly cut short if things don’t improve.
The second stipulation is that Gazidis and Wenger have already had a discussion about transfer targets in which the manager has show willingness to break a habit and actually spend what is available to him.
Gazidis has done his job. Player recruitment is Wenger’s bag.
Over to you, Arsene.
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Gunnerblog is the brainchild of childbrained football writer James McNicholas. Aside from Gunnerblog, James currently contributes to Bleacher Report, The Mirror and ESPN.
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& 2015届高考英语一轮复习基础巩固学案：Unit 5 Challenging Yourself Ⅲ（重大版选修7）
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Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．potential /p?ten?l/ adj.潜在的；可能的
2．enquire /InkwaI?/ vt./vi.询问，打听
3．monitor /m?nIt?/ vt.监听，监视；n.班长；监听(视)器
4．previous /pri:vi?s/ adj.以前的，先前的
5．underline /?nd?′laIn/ vt.在……下划线；强调
6．circumstance /s?:k?mst?ns/ n．情况，现状；(pl.)环境
7．external /Ikst?:nl/ adj.外在的，外部的
8．substitute /s?bstItju:t/ n．代替品，代用品
9．conscious /k?n??s/ adj.意识到的，清醒的；觉察的
10．invest /Invest/ vi.投资；投入(时间等)
11．attain /?teIn/ vt.获得，达到，实现→attainment n．完成，成就
12．commitment /k?mItm?nt/ n．承诺；保证→commit vt.犯(错误等)；干(蠢事等)
13．rewarding /rIw?:dI?/ adj.有报酬的；有益的；值得的→reward n．报答，奖赏；报酬；vt.报答，奖励
14．tolerant /t?l?r?nt/ adj.宽容的；容忍的→tolerate vt.容许；忍受；容忍→tolerance n．容忍，忍受，宽容
15．effortlessly /ef?tl?slI/ adv.容易地；不费力地→effortless adj.不费力的→effort n．努力；努力的成果
16．ambition /aembI?n/ n．抱负，雄心；野心→ambitious adj.有抱负的；有野心的
.重点短语识记
1．let go of松手，放开
2．be impressed with对……有深刻的印象
3．pull out...from从……拔出/挖出/取出……
4．seek to do sth.寻找，探索
5．have (close) ties with与……有(密切的)联系
6．bring on引起，导致
7．attach (great) importance to(非常)重视……
8．alert sb. to提醒某人注意……
9．stamp one’s feet跺脚
10．light up容光焕发；发光；变亮
11．crowd into涌入……
12．come up with提出，想出；提供
13．(be) contrary to与……相反
14．put sth. aside留出……
.经典原句默写与背诵
1．We can experience stress any time we feel we don’t have control.
每当我们失去自控时，我们就会感受到压力。
2．To find out how the brain waves work，it helps to think of the brain as an engine.
为了弄清楚脑电波是如何工作的，把大脑当成一台发动机会更容易理解。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．She was kept in ignorance of her husband’s activities.(ignorant)
2．This is why I recommend eating a balanced diet.(balance)
3．Finnish President said Finland-China relations had progressed smoothly with fruitful co-operation in new and high-tech fields.(smooth)
4．Such a conclusion would be hasty indeed.(conclude)
5．They were astonished to find the driver was a six-year-old boy.(astonish)
6．I owned a bookshop and desired to expand the business.(expanse)
7．Fulfillment of these purposes may generate various health benefits.(fulfill)
8．Using computers has a beneficial effect on children’s learning.(benefit)
9．They seemed able to work together very efficiently.(efficient)
10．After days of reflection she decided to write back.(reflect)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
ignorance n．无知；愚昧；不知道
out of/through ignorance出于无知
ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的；不知道的
be ignorant of不知道……
What’s worse，they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake，totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.
更糟的是，他们随地吐痰，甚至把垃圾扔到湖里，完全无视附近“禁止扔垃圾”的警告牌。(2012·福建·书面表达)
用ignore的适当形式填空
(1)They fought a long battle
against prejudice and ignorance.
(2)People don’t like to ask questions for fear of appearing ignorant.
deny doing...拒绝做过……
deny sth.to sb.＝deny sb.sth.拒不给予某人所要求之物
There is no denying (the fact) that...不可否认……
It can’t be denied that...无可否认……
Many girls in the poor area are denied the right to be educated.
贫困地区的很多女孩子都享受不到接受教育的权利。
同义句改写
There is no denying that quicker action could have saved them.(用it作形式主语改写句子)
It can’t be denied that quicker action could have saved them.
compensate...for... 因……而补偿/弥补……
compensate sb.for sth.因某事而给某人赔偿
compensatory adj.补偿的，赔偿的
compensation n．补偿(物)，赔偿金，补偿金
claim/award/receive compensation要求/判给/得到赔偿金
in compensation赔偿
Because my left eye is so weak，my right eye has to work harder to compensate.
因为我左眼视力差，就得多用右眼来弥补。
The firm agreed to compensate its workers for their loss of earnings.
公司同意补偿工人们的收入损失。
用compensate的适当形式填空
(1)Nothing can compensate for the loss of this.
(2)She received a compensatory payment of 30,000 yuan.
(3)She received 30,000 yuan in compensation.
a substitute for...……的代替者
substitute A for B＝substitute B with/by A 用A代替B
substitute for代替；取代
They were substituting violence for dialogue.
他们在用暴力取代对话。
She is seeking a substitute for the very man whose departure made her cry.
那个男人的离去令她伤心痛哭，她正想找一个人填补内心的空缺。
词义辨析　substitute，replace
(1)这两个词的含义略有不同，substitute强调“代替，顶替”，而replace强调“替换，更换”，即把旧的或坏的东西更换成新的(通常用take the place of更通俗些)。
(2)在句型结构上，通常是：substitute A for B“用A代替B(使用A)”；replace A with/by B“用B替换A(使用B)”。
用substitute，replace的适当形式填空
(1)The driver replaced the worn-out tires with new ones.
(2)He substituted for the teacher who was in hospital.
(3)It’s very wise of you to substitute well-trained workers for untrained ones in the assembly line.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．For some people，traveling abroad is the thing they enjoy most in life；for others，though，cultural differences make them feel
B．comfortable
C．excited
D．uncomfortable
解析　句意为：……但是文化差异会使他们感觉不舒适。uncomfortable不舒适的，符合句意。
2．—Tom is always saying I’m ugly，Mom.
him.You are the most beautiful in my eyes.
解析　句意为：——妈妈，汤姆总是说我很丑。——别管他。在我眼里你是最美的。ignore忽视，不管，符合题意。
3．I request
making so much noise.
A．him stop
B．that he stop
C．for him to stop
D．that he stops
解析　request请求，要求，后接从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即(should) do形式。故选B项。
4．When you are abroad，you find it’s difficult to get used to other country’s
A．customs
C．practice
D．instructions
解析　句意为：当你在国外，你会发现很难适应其他国家的风俗。“风俗”用custom。
to the sun，the flower will become dry soon.
—What you said does make
A．Exposed；sense
B．Exposing；sense
C．Exposed；senses
D．Exposing；a sense
解析　expose和flower为动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作状语；make sense有道理，固定搭配。
6．The police accused him of setting fire to the building but he denied
in the area on the night of the fire.
B．to have been
C．having been
解析　句意为：警察控告他纵火烧大楼，但他拒绝承认发生火灾那天晚上他在附近。deny后接动名词，不接不定式。本题中，由于表示的是过去已结束的情况，所以用完成时。
7．The lady should be compensated
the suffering she had been caused.
解析　句意为：该女士应当为所遭受的痛苦得到赔偿。compensate sb.for sth.为某事给某人赔偿/赔款。
8．The city government decided to keep the old temple for its historical
D．usefulness
解析　price 指物品的“价格”；cost 指物品的生产“成本或费用”；value 指事物内在的“价值”；usefulness 指事物“有用”。
1．我从阅读中受益匪浅。(benefit)(2012·江西·书面表达)
I benefit a great deal from reading.
2．这样能够让观众舒舒服服地坐着看表演。(in comfort)
This will enable the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows.
1．For instance，they tend to have high unemployment rates.
2．When it becomes the largest economy on earth，it will certainly seek to do so.
3．The girl reached for the apple on the tree but wasn’t able to reach it.
4．We finally came up with the idea of having four different zones.
5．In the US，one in five people suffers from severe depression.
6．The teacher went over the same point so often that the children were bored.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
sb.be familiar with...某人对……熟悉
be on familiar terms with...熟悉……；与……关系随便
The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery.
住在面包店附近的人都很熟悉这种气味。
The voice on the phone sounded familiar to me.
电话里的声音我听起来很熟悉。
用适当的介词填空
(1)Broadband networking technology is familiar to him.
(2)You certainly seem to be on familiar terms with him.
reach out伸出；追求；伸出援助之手
beyond/out of one’s reach够不到；在某人能力范围之外
within one’s reach在某人能力所及范围之内
He reached up for an overhanging branch.
他伸手去够悬在头顶上的树枝。
The clothes are all within easy reach of every woman.
那些服装每个女人都穿得起。
选词填空　
(1)She reached out to touch his face.
(2)My daughter is not tall enough to reach for the dishes.
(3)Put your alarm clock out of reach.
put forward提出
put through (to sb.)给……接通电话；做完，完成；使经受(痛苦)
put up with忍受，容忍
put away收起；存钱
put in投入；安装；插话
as sb.puts it按照某人的说法
Try to put aside an hour each day for exercise.
每天尽量腾出一个小时的锻炼时间。
How do you put up with that woman?
你怎么能受得了那女人？
用put短语的适当形式填空
(1)He has put forward new peace proposals.
(2)We should put aside our differences and discuss the things we have in common.
(3)Hello.Could you please put me through to Mr.Brown?
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．This magazine is very
with young people，who like its content and style.
A．familiar
B．popular
C．similar
D．particular
解析　be popular with sb.受某人欢迎。如选A项，则改为be familiar to sb.。
2．There will be a party tonight
our new manager.
A．in memory of
B．in honor of
C．in favour of
D．in place of
解析　句意为：今晚将举办一个聚会庆祝新经理上任。in memory of为了纪念……；in honor of为向……表示敬意；in favour of赞同；in place of代替。B项符合句意。
3．They use specially trained dogs to
their sheep at night.
A．take care
B．get along with
C．watch over
D．turn to
解析　句意为：在晚上他们用经过特殊训练的狗来看守羊群。watch over看守，监视，符合句意。
4．There are
flowers and trees shown in the park and
people go to have a look.
A．a plenty of；many
B．varieties of；various of
C．various；many
D．quite a few；quite a little
解析　various不同种类的，各种各样的，作定语相当于a variety of或varieties of。
5．Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s
D．distance
解析　句意为：永远都要记得把那些刀子之类的具有危险性的东西放到孩子们够不到的地方。touch联系；sight视野；reach够到，此处与out of构成短语out of one’s reach，指“在某人够不到的地方”，符合句意；distance距离。
6. —How do you find the concert in Beijing Grand Theater last night?
，but the conductor performed very well.
A．It couldn’t be better
B．I think little of it
C．I’m crazy about it
D．I really like it
解析　由but后的内容可知只有B项(认为没什么了不起)符合句意。
7．Many tents were
for people to resist the cold wind in the wild.
A．put out
D．put aside
解析　put out扑灭；put up支起，搭起，建造；put on穿上；put aside把……放在一边。根据句意应选B项。
8．We firmly believe that war never settles anything.It only
A．runs into
B．comes from
C．leads to
D．begins with
解析　run into撞见，遇到；come from出自，来自；lead to导致；begin with以……开头。
1．有各种各样的书供我们选择，像历史书、科技书、文学书等。(a variety of)(2012·江西·书面表达)
There are a variety of books for us to choose from，like history books，science books，literary books and so on.
2．我受不了我那些吵闹的室友了。(put up with)
I cannot put up with my noisy roommate.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.根据括号里的内容，用介词短语完成句子
(1)(We didn’t go to the beach.)
We went to the park instead of the beach.
(2)(One of my teachers wrote the article.)
I was reading an article by one of my teachers.
(3)(The speech supported the new law.)
A politician was making a speech in favour of the new law.
(4)(The plane lands at Frankfurt on the way.)
We’re taking a flight to Istanbul via Frankfurt.
(5)(The topic was careers in computers.)
I went to a talk on careers in computers.
Ⅱ.看每段对话，然后把内容用一个带关系从句的句子写下来
(1)Alice：I like the jacket.Simon：What jacket do you mean?
Alice：Your new jacket.You wore it yesterday.
Alice likes the jacket that Simon wore yesterday.
(2)Leanne：I wish I still had the camera.
James：What camera are you talking about?
Leanne：My camera.You broke it，remember?
Leanne wishes she still had the camera that James broke.
once在此为从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦；一……就……”。
at once立刻；同时
all at once突然；同时
once in a while偶尔
once again/more再一次
Once you begin，you must continue.
你一旦开始，便不可停下来。
把省略句补充完整
Once heard，the song will never be forgotten.
Once it is heard，the song will never be forgotten.
2Dreams may come because of something that has always happened.梦可能因一些一直发生的事而生。
下列情况下要用that引导定语从句：
(1)当先行词为all，both，little及由any，every，some，no所构成的复合代词时。
(2)当先行词被all，little，few，much，any，every，no等词修饰时。
(3)当先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时。
(4)当先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
(5)当先行词被the very，the only，the same，the just修饰时。
(6)当先行词既包括人又包括物时。
(7)当定语从句包含一个定语从句时，一个用了关系代词which，另一个多用that。
The first thing we should do is to send for a doctor.
我们应该做的第一件事就是派人去请医生。
用适当的关系代词填空
(1)You should hand in all that you have.
(2)There is little work that is fit for you.
(3)This is the last train that will go to Suzhou.
(4)They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.
(5)This is the very book that I want.
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．You will be successful in the interview
you have confidence.
解析　句意为：一旦你有了信心，面试就会成功。once一旦，符合句意。
you begin，you must do the work well or don’t do it at all.
A．As soon as
解析　once引导的时间状语从句含有条件意味；as soon as只表示两个动作紧接着发生。
3．I recognized him
I saw him in the crowd.
A．now that
B．in case
C．the moment
解析　句意为：在人群里，我一看到他就认出他来了。the moment引导一个时间状语从句。now that既然；in case万一；if如果。
4．The children were happily making a snowman，
with cold.
A．their faces turned red
B．their faces were red
C．their faces red
D．their faces to be red
解析　句意为：孩子们正欢快地堆着雪人，因为冷的缘故，他们的脸变红了。此处为“名词＋形容词”构成的独立主格结构作状语。逗号不能连接两个独立的句子，故排除A、B两项。
所有能做的一切都已经做了。(that引导定语从句)
All that can be done has been done.
1．Mother always complains that children
their shoes very quickly.(2013·江西，27)
A．find out
B．wash out
C．wear out
D．set out
解析　本题考查动词短语辨析。find out查明，发现；wash out洗净，冲毁；wear out耗尽，用坏，穿破；set out出发，开始。句意为：母亲总是抱怨说孩子们很快就把他们的鞋穿破了。由此可知C项正确。
2．It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner.
，I’ll set the table.(2013·浙江，14)
A．As a result
B．On the whole
C．In the meanwhile
D．As a matter of fact
解析　考查固定短语。as a result作为结果；on the whole从整体看来；in the meanwhile在这时候，与此同时；as a matter of fact事实上。根据句意“如果你去商店把我们晚餐需要的东西买来，那可算帮我大忙了。你在做这事的时候，我会在家布置好桌子。”知C项符合逻辑。
3．Being able to afford
drink would be
comfort in those tough times.
(2012·山东，29)
A．the；the
解析　句意为：在那些艰苦的岁月里，能买得起一杯饮料都会是一件令人安慰的事。本题容易误选C项，认为comfort“安慰”是不可数名词，其实此处为抽象名词的具体化，a comfort令人感到安慰的一个人或一件事；a drink一杯饮料。故B项正确。
4．Peter had intended to take a job in business，but
that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in ·浙江，13)
A．had abandoned
B．abandoned
C．abandon
D．will abandon
解析　句意为：彼得原本想在商界找份工作，但是在2010年加拿大的那次不愉快的经历后他放弃了那个计划。表示“想”“打算”“计划”等动词的过去完成时形式表示“过去原本想/打算/计划”，暗含过去并未做到某事。根据句中的had intended的形式可知abandon应发生在过去，应使用一般过去时。
5．Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt
he could have expressed it differently.
(2012·北京，24)
D．whether
解析　句意为：杰里不后悔给出评论，但是他觉得他本来可以用另一种不同的方式来表达。felt后面应该是一个宾语从句，分析宾语从句可知，这是一个完整的句子，不缺句子成分，故用that引导。
6．—I love the Internet.I’ve come to know many friends on the Net.
.Few of them would become your real friends.(2012·安徽，32)
A．That’s for sure
B．It’s not the case
C．I couldn’t agree more
D．I’m pleased to know that
解析　由答语后半句句意“很少人会成为你真正的朋友”可知应答者是持有否定态度的。A、C、D三项都是持肯定态度的。故选B项。
7．The ability
an idea is as important as the idea itself.(2011·湖南，21)
A．expressing
B．expressed
C．to express
D．to be expressed
解析　句意为：表达观点的能力和观点本身同等重要。ability后通常跟动词不定式(短语)作后置定语，故排除A、B两项；此处the ability与express是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动意义，故排除D项。
the house being untidy，but I hate it if it’s not clean.(2011·新课标全国，26)
A．come up with
B．put up with
C．turn to
D．stick to
解析　句意为：我能忍受房子里凌乱，但不喜欢它不干净。come up with找到(答案)，想出(主意)；put up with容忍，忍受；turn to转向，翻页，求助于；stick to坚持。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．The government plans to bring in new laws
parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
B．forcing
C．to be forced
D．having forced
解析　考查非谓语动词的用法。现在分词短语forcing...作后置定语，修饰前面的名词new laws，相当于定语从句which forces...。
2．The weather turned out to be very good，
was more than we could expect.
解析　as正如，用于句首和句中；which仅用于句中，代替前面句子的整体和部分内容。
3．An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are
it.(2012·陕西，11)
A．against
解析　考查介词。be against反对，符合句意。be for支持，赞成；be to到达；be with和……在一起，都与句意不符。
4．To tell you
truth，it seems to me that you are not being treated with
respect due to a King.
B．the；the
解析　第一个空为固定短语中的冠词；第二个空为不可数名词的特指。
5．Both look very strong and fast，
one runner speeds ahead and wins the race.
A．therefore
解析　按照both和one的关系此处应该是转折。
6．—Did you visit the Big Ben in London?
it，but we spent too much time shopping.
A．could visit
B．could have visited
C．must have visited it
D．can have visited
解析　could have done 本能做某事但未做。
7．Mary passed the driving test，
surprised everyone in the office.
解析　which 指代前面的整个句子，what 不用于定语从句；如果选C、D项，前面必须用连词。
8．The oranges
badly this year.
A．are tasted；aren’t sold
B．taste；sell
C．are tasted；sell
D．taste；are sold
解析　taste 为系动词无被动语态；sell 此处为主动表被动。
9．The guests spoke highly of the children and their performances
they saw in the Children’s Palace.
解析　定语从句所修饰的先行词既有人也有物，要用that引导。
10．Such good use has been
his spare time
his English has improved a lot.
A．made in；that
B．made of；which
C．made of；that
D．made out；as
解析　考查such...that句型及make use of 短语的变化。
Farmers，especially in developing countries，are often criticized for cutting down forests.But a new study suggests that many farmers recognize the value of keeping trees.
Researchers using satellite images found at least ten percent tree cover on more than one billion hectares of farmland.That is almost half the farmland in the world.Earlier estimates were much lower but incomplete.The authors of the new study say it may still underestimate the true extent worldwide.
The study found the most tree cover in South America.Next comes Africa south of the Sahara，followed by Southeast Asia.North Africa and West Asia have the least.
The study found that climate conditions alone could not explain the amount of tree cover in different areas.Nor could the size of nearby populations，meaning people and trees can live together.There are areas with few trees but also few people，and areas with many trees and many people.The findings suggest that things like land rights，markets or government policies can influence tree planting and protection.
Dennis Garrity，who heads the World Agroforestry Center，says farmers are acting on their own to protect and plant trees.The problem，he says，is that policy makers and planners have been slow to recognize this and to support such efforts.
The satellite images may not show what the farmers are using the trees for，but trees provide nuts，fruit，wood and other products.They provide windbreaks and shade from the sun.They also help prevent soil loss and protect water supplies.Even under drought(干旱) conditions，trees can often provide food and a way to earn money until the next growing season.
Some trees act as natural fertilizers.They take nitrogen(氮气) out of the air and put it in the soil.Scientists at the Center say the use of fertilizer trees can reduce the need for chemical nitrogen by up to three-fourths.Trees also capture carbon dioxide，a gas linked to climate change.
1．Through the study，the researchers found that
A．there are more trees on farmlands than expected
B．fewer trees are being cut in developing countries
C．most farmers still don’t realize the value of trees
D．trees play a key role in preventing climate change
解析　推理判断题。根据前两段可推知，该研究发现，农田的林木覆盖率超过了人们的预期。
2．How did the researchers feel about their findings?
A．Disappointed.
B．Surprised.
C．Puzzled.
D．Satisfied.
解析　推理判断题。研究发现，农田的林木覆盖率比以前评估的要高出许多，这令研究人员感到非常意外。
3．Which of the following has the least tree cover?
A．Southeast Asia.
B．West Asia.
C．South America.
D．Africa south of the Sahara.
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，南美地区林木覆盖率最高，其次是撒哈拉以南的非洲，随后是东南亚，而北非和西亚地区林木覆盖率最低。
4．In Dennis Garrity’s opinion，
A．most farmers care about nothing but their own interests
B．there are usually few people living in areas with few trees
C．government plays a small role in tree planting and protection
D．government should support farmers in planting and protecting trees
解析　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Dennis Garrity认为农民们正在自发保护和种植树木，而问题出在政策制定者和计划者身上，他们在认识和支持这些努力方面比较滞后。因此， Dennis Garrity认为政府应当对农民植树和保护树木的积极性给予支持和保护。
People without homes have always been present in America.In the past，they were called hobos，bums，or drifters.It was not until the early 1980s that these people received a new name，when activists named them the homeless.
The types of people who were homeless also changed in the 1980s.No longer were they primarily older men.They were younger，with an average age of 35.Their numbers consisted of women，children，adolescents and entire families.They were of many races and cultures.No longer were they only in the inner city.They lived in rural areas and in large and small cities.No longer were they invisible to the people with homes and jobs.The homeless of the 1980s lived in packing crates (装货箱) and doorways.They slept on sidewalks and in public parks.They begged money from passers-by.
Counting the numbers of homeless people is difficult.However，in 1984 the Department of Housing and Urban Development estimated the homeless population at between 250,000 and 350,000.In 1990 the Census Bureau counted about 459,000 people in shelters，in cheap hotels，and on the streets.In 1995 the National Alliance to End Homelessness estimated that there were 750,000 homeless Americans.
The homeless of the 1980s also began to speak out for themselves.Some spoke to Congress and to government committees controlling funding for social programs.Street newspapers，such as Chicago’s Streetwise and Boston’s Spare Change，had stories，poems，and essays that expressed the homeless viewpoint.The visible and vocal presence of the homeless prompted help from volunteers and government agencies.But what is still needed is a solution to the plight of America’s homeless population.
5．This passage is mainly about
A．one homeless person’s story
B．the history of the homeless
C．the changes of the homeless in the late 20th century
D．a way to provide homes for the homeless
解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了二十世纪八九十年代无家可归群体的变化。
6．Who is responsible to get the number of the homeless population according to the passage?
A．Government agencies.
B．Street newspapers.
C．The homeless themselves.
D．The volunteers.
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段提供数据的机构可推知，政府机构负责统计无家可归者的数量。
7．The underlined word “plight” in the last paragraph means “
C．difficulty
D．employment
解析　词义猜测题。无家可归者的处境堪忧，亟待政府采取措施来帮助他们，故可推知该词与difficulty意思相近。
8．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The homeless all lived in urban cities in America.
B．The name “the homeless” was given in the early 1980.
C．Not only the disabled belong to the homeless family.
D．There were about 800,000 homeless people in western countries.
解析　细节理解题。由文章第二段对无家可归群体的描述可知，这个群体人员复杂，群体中不仅仅只有残疾人。
假设你是李华，爱好旅游，是青旅社的一名义工，请以“Volunteer Travel”为主题给《中学生英语报》写一篇英语短文，内容要点如下：
在国外，流行游玩时做义工；在中国，义工旅行也深受欢迎
优点 食宿免费，节省开支，体验文化
缺点 居住条件一般，因陌生而缺乏安全感
你的看法 ……
注意：(1)词数不少于80；
(2)开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
(3)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：青旅社youth hotel；食宿accommodation
Dear Editor，
Dear Editor，
I’m Li Hua and I love travelling.Volunteer Travel，which is familiar to foreigners，has become more and more popular in China.Tavellers volunteer to work for youth hotels so that they can eat and live there for free.At the same time，they can enjoy the local scenery in their spare time and experience different cultures.But meanwhile，Volunteer Travel has disadvantages such as poor living conditions and lack of a sense of safety in strange places.
I suggest that every student should take an active part in the activity.
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