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SensorsandActuatorsB202(–1069
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Luminescentpropertiesofchromium(III)-dopedlithiumaluminatefortemperaturesensing
XinyueLi,GuichengJiang,ShaoshuaiZhou,XiantaoWei,YonghuChen,ChangKuiDuan,MinYin*
DepartmentofPhysics,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,Hefei230026,China
articleinfoabstract
Aseriesofnoveltemperature-sensitivephosphorsLiAl5(1-x)O8:xCr3+(x=0.001–0.012)aresynthesizedbycombustionmethod.Thephosphorscanbeefficientlyexcitedbythewholewavelengthrangeofthevisiblelight,producingstrongdeepredemission,whichcanbeassignedtothe2E→4A2transition.Theintensity,peakwavelengthanddecaylifetimeoftheemissionaremeasuredtovarystronglywithtemper-atureforallthesamples.Especially,thedecaylifetimechangedramaticallyfrom4.31msto0.38msfrom200Kto600Kforthesamplewithx=0.002,whichgiveahighesttemperaturesensitivityof-0.015msK-1at400Kandamaximalrelativesensitivityof0.83%K-1at447K.TheseresultsshowthatLiAl5O8:Cr3+ispromisingforopticalthermometry.
(C)2014ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.
Articlehistory:
Received27February2014
Receivedinrevisedform11June2014Accepted15June2014
Availableonline21June2014
Keywords:LiAl5O8:Cr3+
Temperature-dependentluminescenceOpticalthermometry
1.Introduction
Temperature-dependentpropertiesareofparticularimpor-tanceinvariousfieldsofscienceandtechnology[1].Sincetheconventionaltemperaturesensorshavesufferedfromalotoflimitationsinmanyspecialsituationssuchasintracellularenvi-ronmentinvivo[2,3],recentlyconsiderableattentionshavebeenfocusedonthedevelopmentofcontactlesstemperaturesensingbasedonnon-contactthermometrytechniques,includ-ingIRthermography,opticalpyrometryandRamanspectroscopy.Temperature-sensitiveluminescentmaterialswithhighspatialandtemperatureresolutionrepresentapromisingalternativetodetecttemperatureaccurately.Inthepastdecades,manyluminescentmaterialshavebeenstudiedbymeasuringnumerousparame-terssuchasthefluorescenceintensityratio(FIR)[4,5],thepeakwavelength,thefluorescencelifetimeandtheemissionbandwidth.Amongthesuitablephosphorsreportedfortheirtemperaturesen-sitivityareTiMg2O4:Mn4+[1],La2O2S:Eu3+[6,7],CaTiO3:Pr3+[1],La2O2S:Nd3+[8],NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+[3,9]aswellasNaLuF4:Yb3+,Ho3+[10].
Trivalentchromium(Cr3+)dopedluminescentmaterials,owingtotheiruniqueopticalproperties,haveattractedgreatinterestinrecentyears[11,12],andalargeamountofeffortshavebeeninvestedontemperature-dependentpropertiesoftheCr3+doped
*Correspondingauthor.Tel.:+2;fax:+7.E-mailaddress:yinmin@(M.Yin).http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.
/(C)2014ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.
systems[13,14]inviewoftheirpotentialapplicationintemper-aturesensors.ReferringtotheTanabe–SuganodiagramforCr3+inoctahedralcrystalfields[2],theluminescentpropertiesdependcriticallyonthecrystalfieldstrength,whichhasadecisiveeffectonthesequenceofthetwolowestexcitedstates.Inhighorinter-mediatecrystalfield,asinrubyandalexandrite[15,16],thelowestexcitedstateisthe2Estateidentifiedwithanarrowbandemis-sionandrelativelylonglifetime.InthecasewhereCr3+ionslieinaweakcrystalfield,thelowestexcitedstateisthe4T2state,whichischaracterizedbybroadbandemissionwithashortlifetime.Furthermore,theenergydifferencebetweenthe2Eand4T2statesvariesfromonehosttoanother,sodothetemperaturedependentproperties.
Amongvarioushosts,lithiumaluminate(LiAl5O8)canserveasanidealhostfortransitionmetalions,owingtoitsexcel-lentchemicalandthermalstability.WhenCr3+isdopedintheLiAl5O8crystallattice,thevalueofDq/Bisclosetothecriti-calvalue(Dq/B=2.3),wherethetwoemittingstateslieatthepointofcrossoverintheTanabe–Suganodiagram,andtheenergydifferencebetweenthetwolowestexcitedstates2Eand4T2issmall.Therefore,thetemperature-dependentpropertiescouldbemorepronouncedthaninotherhosts.AllthesepropertiesarefavorableforLiAl5O8:Cr3+asapromisingmatrixforopticaltem-peraturesensor.Tothebestofourknowledge,thecomprehensivetemperature-dependentpropertiesofLiAl5O8:Cr3+,includingtheemissionintensity,peakwavelengthanddecaylifetime,hasnotbeenreported.Therefore,inthiswork,theluminescencespec-troscopicinvestigationofchromium(III)-dopedlithiumaluminate
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